Goliath

Technical Profile

Name Meaning: Uncertain; likely non-Hebrew (Philistine) origin, with no clear biblical etymology
Period/Era: United Monarchy
Main References: 1 Samuel 17; 2 Samuel 21:19; 1 Chronicles 20:5
Key Connections: Philistines of Gath; opposed Israel under Saul; confronted David son of Jesse

Who was Goliath?

Goliath was a Philistine champion from Gath who represented his people in battle against Israel.
He issued repeated challenges for single combat, publicly defying Israel’s ranks during Saul’s reign.
He is portrayed as heavily armed and physically formidable, using intimidation as a battle strategy.

Key Events & Achievements

Challenge at Elah: Issued a duel challenge to decide the conflict between Philistines and Israel (1 Samuel 17).
Confrontation with David: Was met by David, who refused conventional armor and approached with a sling and stones (1 Samuel 17).
Death and Rout: Was struck down by David, after which the Philistines fled and Israel pursued them (1 Samuel 17).

Life Lesson & Legacy

Goliath’s account illustrates how military power and public defiance can fail to secure victory in Israel’s war narratives.

Key Verse

"I defy the ranks of Israel this day. Give me a man, that we may fight together." — 1 Samuel 17:10, ESV

Quizzes

Answer the questions below. When you choose an option, you will see the result and an explanation.

1. What was Goliath’s role in the conflict between the Philistines and Israel?

2. After Goliath was struck down by David, what happened next?