Abiathar

Technical Profile

• Name Meaning: Hebrew ’Evyāṯār (“my father is abundance/excellence”), reflecting a family-based theophoric-style name
• Period/Era: United Monarchy
• Main References: 1 Samuel 22–23; 2 Samuel 15–20; 1 Kings 1–2
• Key Connections: Son of Ahimelech of the house of Eli at Nob; priestly supporter of David; associated with Zadok; opposed by Solomon

Who was Abiathar?

Abiathar was an Israelite priest who escaped Saul’s massacre of the priests at Nob.
He joined David and served as a priest during David’s rise and reign, carrying the ephod for inquiry.
In Jerusalem he functioned alongside Zadok within the royal administration.
Near the succession crisis, he supported Adonijah and was later removed from office.

Key Events & Achievements

• Escape from Nob: Fled after Saul killed the priests and brought the ephod to David.
• Role under David: Served in David’s court and participated in events during Absalom’s revolt as a priestly figure in Jerusalem.
• Removal by Solomon: Backed Adonijah’s claim and was exiled to Anathoth, ending his priestly authority.

Life Lesson & Legacy

Abiathar’s career shows how priestly service in Israel’s monarchy could be closely tied to dynastic loyalty and political outcomes.

Key Verse

"So Solomon expelled Abiathar from being priest to the LORD, thus fulfilling the word of the LORD that he had spoken concerning the house of Eli in Shiloh." — 1 Kings 2:27, ESV