The Beginning:
News of Solomon’s fame—especially his wisdom and the name of the LORD associated with his reign—reaches the Queen of Sheba. She travels to Jerusalem with a large caravan, bringing spices, gold, and precious stones. Her purpose is to test Solomon with difficult questions and see whether the reports are true.
The Middle:
The queen questions Solomon extensively, and he answers all her inquiries without lack. She observes not only his wisdom but also the ordered life of his court, the excellence of his administration, and the prosperity surrounding his rule. Overwhelmed by what she sees, she acknowledges that the reality surpasses what she had heard. She blesses the LORD, recognizing that Israel’s God placed Solomon on the throne out of love for Israel and to establish justice and righteousness.
The End:
The Queen of Sheba gives Solomon lavish gifts, and Solomon in turn gives her gifts and whatever she requests, according to his royal generosity. After their exchange, she returns to her own land with her attendants. The account concludes with a picture of Solomon’s international renown and the wealth flowing into his kingdom.
This episode portrays Israel’s kingdom—under a wise Davidic king—as drawing the attention of the nations and directing praise to the LORD. The queen’s blessing highlights that Solomon’s wisdom and prosperity are not merely personal achievements but gifts tied to God’s covenant purposes for Israel, including the pursuit of justice and righteousness. The narrative also anticipates the biblical theme of the nations recognizing the God of Israel through what God accomplishes among his people and through his appointed king.
Long-distance royal visits with gift exchange fit well within ancient Near Eastern diplomacy, where rulers displayed wealth, tested claims of wisdom, and forged relationships through tribute-like offerings and reciprocal generosity. The specific goods mentioned—especially spices and gold—align with major trade commodities associated with Arabian caravan routes linking South Arabia with the Levant.
“Blessed be the LORD your God, who has delighted in you and set you on the throne of Israel!” — 1 Kings 10:9
Answer the questions below. When you choose an option, you will see the result and an explanation.
1. Why did the Queen of Sheba travel to Jerusalem to meet Solomon?
2. After the Queen of Sheba questioned Solomon extensively, what did she say about what she saw compared to what she had heard?